Ventilation bag and method of making



.Aug 3, 1955 l.. E. cANNo 3,198,419

VENTILATION BAG AND METHOD 0F MAKING Filed May 17, 1963 BAG MAKING- i MACHINEY ATTORNEYS.

United States Patent O 3,198,419 VENTILATION BAG AND METHOD 0F MAKING Leonard E. Canno, 870 5th Ave'gNew York, NY. Filed May 17, 1963, Ser. No. 281,263

/ 7 Claims. (Cl. 229-53) This invention relates to bags, and especially heavyduty bags having provision for ventilating the contents ofthe bag, and to methods of making such containers.

For shipment and storage of certain kinds of produce, it is necessary to have adequate `ventilation in a shipping package in order to prevent produce from spoiling. This is particularly true of vegetables, such as onions. It is a usual practice to put onions in small bags, each of which contains three or five pounds of onions, for sale in retail markets, but it is necessary to put the small packages into a larger, heavy-duty packagefor shipment; and the small packages remain in these 'larger packages for various 4'periods of storage.

These shipping packages must "be relatively large for etilcient handling and transportation, and when paper bags are used the bags must be'constructed with the necessary strength for the severe conditions encountered in transportation. Y

It is common practice to make the bags out of paper, butv a duplex or multi-layer construction is` used and an open window in the Yfront wall of the bag is provided for ventilation. An open mesh, or other material having openings therein, is used to cover the window so that the contents of the bag can not come out through the window.

It is an object of this invention to provide an improved bag for the service described. It is a more particular object of the invention to provide a bag having a ventilating and visibility opening which extends for the full length of the front wall and preferably part way across the botltom of the bag so that the contents of the bag can be seen and there is ventilation through the bag even though the bag is in a pile with another bag on top of it covering the usual Window area of the front Wall.

It is another object of the invention to provide a ventilated bag construction with a Ventilating panel incorporated into the bag construction in such a way as to eliminate the usual waste of paper whichresults from the forming of die-cut windows, to eliminate the problem of disposing of the waste material, and to eiiect a saving in paper and other expense.

It is still another object to provide a method of making bags of the character indicated by a process that can be carried out on conventional bag-making machines with a minimum of Vconversion of the machine to produce a bag with the Ventilating feature of this invention.

Other features of the invention relate to the connecting of plies of sheet material, preferably paper, for constructing the sides of the bag; tothe connecting of a Ventilating panel to the plies of sheet material; to the application of adhesive for securing the plies and the Ventilating panel; and to the correlating of the adhesive application with the bag-forming operations, particularly the bottoming of the bag, so as to have the necessary strength of connection to Vwithstand the bottoming operation in the bag-forming machine.

Other objects, features and advantages of they invention will appear or be pointed out as the description proceeds.

VIn the drawing, forming a part thereof, in which like reference characters indicate corresponding parts in all the views:

FIGURE 1 is a diagrammatic side elevation showing apparatus for making a bag in accordance with this invention;

FIGURE 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken on the line 2 2 of FIGURE'I;

3,198,419 Patented Auge-3, 1965 Cen .. FIGURE 6 is alar'ge-.scale diagrammatic View,"showin`g Vthe preferred manner of securing the `Ventilating strip vand the plies `of sheet material by means of differentadhesives;

FIGURE 7 i s a View showing `a completed bag with `the bottom folded'tlat in line with the front and backpanels before the bag is opened forreceiving any contents; and FiGURE, 8 is a diagrammatic View showing a number of bags, made in accordance With this invention,with the bags filled and piled on one another or'storage.

FIGURE 1 Shows two reels i1 and-12 fpaper'for making a duplex bag. v The invention willrbe'described as applied toa baghavingtwo'layers of paper, Ybut some fea-V tures of the invention canbe used Vfor bags made from only a single sheet of paper, and it will be understoodv that vbags can be made with more than two layers by including additional layers of paper inthe apparatus. Although Vpaper is the preferred s'heetrmaterial, because yof its low cost Aand great'strength, the bag can be made with other kinds of sheet material. A v

From the reel 11, sheet material such as a paper web 14 is fed around guide rolls 15 andA land across an adhesive applicator 1S;V This adhesive applicator 18 includes a roller 2i? which receivesv paste, or-oither adhesive, from a Well 2v2.

The roller 2l) applies a continuous or intermittent of adhesive 24 to the web 14 across most of the Width of the web 14, but this intermittent line of *adhesive terminatesV some distance from the -opposite edges of the web so as 'to leave areas 25 k"(FlfGURE 2) along both Vedge portions which receive adhesive at a subsequent station, vas Will be explained in connection with FIGURES 3 and 4.

A paper web 26 passes around guide 'rolls 27 and 2S and is brought into contact with the web 14 at a station 39 where the webs 14 and 26 bothpass across a common guide roll 32. At'this station 30 the webs '1'4 and 26am bonded together along theareaswhich Vconstitute the ends of the bag blanks V'which are to be constructed Vfromthe webs 14 and'26. Thusthe longitudinal spacirigof the lines or" adhesive are .made to correspondwith the lengths of the bags for which the web material is intended to be used.

From the station 30, the combined webs 14 and 26, indicated by the reference characters V36, t1"avel pasta forming station 40 where they pass Y aroiirida former 42 which folds Vthe vcor'npositeweb 36 into. a tubehaving its edge portions spaced from one another by 'a distance S, as indicated in FIGURE 3L Y FIGURE 3 is adiag'rnirhaticrview showing leweb temperature and whichdoe's'not 'harden'and set permanently'forsome time after th'eve'dge portionsofthe Webs 14 ,and-26 yare Vbrought together. `Such adhesives vare gen- Ve'rally used for'. iriakiiigpapr bags because of their';loW

`cost"arid theirsubstaitial Sft'reng'th after hardening.

D ma) composite tube 36 and across a substantial width of the *A edge portions of the webs 14 and 26 on both sides of the open seam.

The Ventilating strip preferably covers lines of adhesive 62 which were applied by the nozzles 52 in FIG- URE 3. However, in order firmly to secure the ventilatf ing strip 60 to the webs 14 and 26 before the tube is subjected to a bottom-forming operation, a quicker-setting adhesive 66 is applied to the Ventilating strip 60, and through the openings in the strip to the inner web 26 by nozzles 68 that receive quick-setting adhesive from a reservoir 70 at the station 56.

Referring again to FIGURE 1, the Ventilating strip 60 is supplied from a reel 74 and passes over guide rolls 76 and 78 to a final guide roll 80 which guides the strip 60 into the space between the edge portions of the webs 14 and 26 to obtain the correlation illustrated in FIG- URE 4.

Beyond the adhesive applicator station 56, the composite tube 36 passes under a pressure roller 84 which brings the edge portions of the webs 14 and 26 (FIG- URE 4) together with the edges of the Ventilating strip 60 sandwiched between them. This pressure distributes the adhesives 62 and 66 across adjacent areas of the webs 14 and 26. It is a feature of the construction that the line of adhesive 66 is deposited on the web 26 far enough backY from the edges of this web so that when the edge portions of the webs are pressed together, the adhesive will not flow beyond the web edges and into the space between these edges. If it could do so, the different adhesive would ow through openings in the Ventilating strip 60 and would bond the back wall of the tube to the Ventilating strip 60 so that the bag could not be opened.

Referring again to FIGURE 1, the composite tube 36' is advanced beyond the station 84 by feed rolls 90 and then passes to other apparatus 92 which forms a bag bottom at the end of the tube 36' and then severs a length from the tube to complete a bag. This bag-making machine, indicated generally by the reference character 92, is of conventional construction and no further illustration of it is necessary for a complete understanding of this invention.

Because of the openings through the Ventilating strip 60, the bottom areas which are pasted by the bag-making machine, must be limited as shown in FIGURE 5. In folding a tube to form a flat-bottom bag, portions of the Wall of the tube, indicated by the areas 101 and 102, are folded inwardly, the edges of these inwardly-folded portions being indicated by the reference character 103 for the area 101 and by the reference character 104 for the area 102. .Other portions of the tube wall which form aps 106 and 107 are then folded in across the areas 101 and 102, and across the open space between the edges 103 and 104. c

The Ventilating strip 60 extends all the way to the end of the flap 106 and this ap is bonded to the areas 101 and 102 by adhesive located on the solid portions of the ap 106 on either side of the Ventilating strip 60.

The flap 107, which is solid across its full Width, having been formed from the back of the tube, has adhesive limited to adhesive areas 112 and 113 which do not cover any 'part ofthe ap 107 which confronts the Ventilating strip 60 when the iiap 107 is folded over on the ap 106.V It will be understood that inFIGURE 5 the flap 107 isnot yet folded into position overlapping the lap 106.

tween the front and back walls of the tube as measured across the bottom of the tube. This length is indicated in FIGURE 5 by the dimension arrow 118. If a length of tube equal to the dimension arrow 113 were folded to form the bag bottom, then the fiaps 106 and 107 would be co-eXtensive after folding and the flap 107 would completely close the bottom of the bag. This would not leave any of the Ventilating strip 60 exposed at the bottom of the bag and would prevent the cross ventilation which is a feature of the preferred construction of this invention.

The ap 107 is made to extend substantially more than half-way across the bottom length 118 so that the end portion of the Ventilating strip 60 has solid material of the flap 107 located underneath it. The portions of the bottom which are not secured together by adhesive are held adjacent to one another by the adhesive on immediately adjacent areas of the bottom.

FIGURE 7 shows the finished bag with the flap 107 folded over the flap 106. The length of the Ventilating strip 60 which is exposed across the bottom of the bag is indicated by the reference character 120. The end portion of the Ventilating strip 60 which has the flap 107 extending under it, when the bag is open, is indicated by the reference character 122.

FIGURE 8 shows three bags 131, 132 and 133, which are of identical construction and made in accordance with the other figures of the drawing. These bags 131, 132 and 133 are filled with contents, indicated generally by the reference character 135. The flat bottoms of the bags are fully extended and the upper ends of the bags are closed and sewed together by stitching 138.

The bag 131 is piled on top of the bag 132 which is, in turn, piled on top of the bag 133; and FIGURE 8 illustrates clearly the way in which the Ventilating strips 60 of the bags provide cross ventilation of the bags in spite of the way in which the bags are piled. For example, neither of the bags 132 or 133 would have any ventilation if they merely had a window in their front (top) sides.

With the construction illustrated, however, the portion of each of the bags 132 and 133 provides ventilation at the bottom end of the bag and upper portions of the strip 60 provide ventilation at the upper ends of the bags. Thus all of'the bags have cross Ventilation, regardless of the piling of other bags on top of them.

The preferred construction of the invention has been illustrated and described, but changes and modifications can be made and some features can be used in different combinations without departing from the invention as defined in the claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A ventilated bag including a tube of sheet material with opposite longitudinal edges of the sheet material secured to opposite edges of a Ventilating strip throughout the entire length of the tube, the strip having openings therethrough and being substantially narrower than the bag and forming, with the connected portions of the sheet material, a front wall of the bag with a Ventilating window through which air passes, one end of the tube having each of its sides folded inwardly fora distance substantially less than half the width of the tube when the tube is in a flat condition to overlap the lower end portions of front and back walls of the bag to form a tlat bottom for the bag, whereby the overlap is substantially less than the distance between Side edges 0f the folded tube so that a portion of the Ventilating strip is left uncovered and the Ventilating window extends'across a part of the bottomy of the bag.

2. The ventilated bag described in claim 1 characterized by the Ventilating strip being a woven material with substantial spacing of the warp and Woof strands to forrn a mesh that provides a large open area for the circulation of air into and out of the bag.

3. The Ventilated Vbag described in claim 1 characterized by the sheet material of the tube being a multi-layer material with the layers bonded together at selected areas aleggia over their extent, including edge areas where edge portions of the Ventilating strip extend between edge portions of the layers of sheet material, said layers of sheet material at the side edge areas being bonded by adhesive that extends through openings in the Ventilating strip where it is overlapped by the layers of the sheet material.

4. The Ventilated bag described in claim 3 characterized by the bag having two layers of sheet material, said sheet material being paper, and the layers being bonded together by adhesive at opposite ends of the bag and along the edges of the sheet material Where they are secured to the Ventilating strip.

5. The Ventilated bag described in claim 1 characterized by overlapping end portions at the bottom of the bag having confronting surfaces secured together by adhesive, and the areas that confront the Ventilating strip being free of adhesive and unsecured to one another but held together by adhesive bonds between adjacent areas of the confronting surfaces.

6. The Ventilating bag described in claim 1 characterized by the Ventilating strip being secured to the sheet material along is edge portions by a thermoplastic adhesive that hardens upon cooling, andthe sheet material having different layers on opposite sides of each longitudinal edge of the Ventilating strip with the layers secured together by other adhesive which is liquid at room ternperature.

'7. The Ventilated bag described in' claim 6 characterized by the sheet material being paper, the Ventilating strip being an open-mesh fabric material, and the different adhesives being at dilerent distances from the edges of the sheet material and located along lines that are parallel to one another.

References Cited by the Examiner UNTED STATES PATENTS FRANKLIN T. GARRETT, Primary Examiner. GEORGE O. RALSTGN, Examiner. 

1. A VENTILATED BAG INCLUDING A TUBE OF SHEET MATERIAL WITH OPPOSITE LONGITUDINAL EDGES OF THE SHEET MATERIAL SECURED TO OPPOSITE EDGES OF A VENTILATING STRIP THROUGHOUT THE ENTIRE LENGTH OF THE TUBE, THE STRIP HAVING OPENINGS THERETHROUGH AND BEING SUBSTANTIALLY NARROWER THAN THE BAG AND FORMING, WITH THE CONNECTED PORTIONS OF THE SHEET MATERIAL, A FRONT WALL OF THE BAG WITH A VENTILATING WINDOW THROUGH WHICH AIR PASSES, ONE END OF THE TUBE HAVING EACH OF ITS SIDES FOLDED INWARDLY FOR A DISTANCE SUBSTANTIALLY LESS THAN HALF THE WIDTH OF THE TUBE WHEN THE TUBE IS IN A FLAT CONDITION TO OVERLAP THE LOWER END PORTIONS OF FRONT AND BACK WALLS OF THE BAG TO FORM A FLAT BOTTOM FOR THE BAG, WHEREBY THE OVERLAP IS SUBSTANTIALLY LESS THAN THE DISTANCE BETWEEN SIDE EDGES OF THE FOLDED TUBE SO THAT A PORTION OF THE VENTIALTING STRIP IS LEFT UNCOVERED AND THE VENTILATING WINDOW EXTENDS ACROSS A PART OF THE BOTTOM OF THE BAG. 